2020 Biology Fall Final Exam: On-Level

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

Give an example of osmosis in plants.

Back

Water moving into the root cells of a plant is an example of osmosis.

Front

What is the primary function of nutrition labels on food products?

Back

Nutrition labels provide information about the nutritional content of food, helping consumers make informed dietary choices.

Front

Which type of food is a better source of short-term energy?

Back

Foods high in carbohydrates, such as sugary snacks, are typically better sources of short-term energy.

Front

What is protein synthesis?

Back

Protein synthesis is the process by which cells build proteins based on the genetic instructions carried by mRNA.

Front

What are the two main stages of protein synthesis?

Back

The two main stages of protein synthesis are transcription and translation.

Front

What is transcription in protein synthesis?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

Front

What is translation in protein synthesis?

Back

Translation is the process where ribosomes read mRNA and assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain to form a protein.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in protein structure and function.

Front

What is an insertion mutation?

Back

An insertion mutation occurs when one or more nitrogenous bases are added to a DNA sequence.