Benchmark 8 Review

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.

Front

How many codons correspond to a single amino acid?

Back

More than one codon can correspond to a single amino acid, meaning that each amino acid can be coded by multiple codons.

Front

What is the process of translation?

Back

Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the mRNA sequence as a template.

Front

What is the process of transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

Front

What molecule is produced during translation?

Back

Protein is produced during translation.

Front

What molecule is produced during transcription?

Back

mRNA is produced during transcription.

Front

What are the components of a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is made up of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What is the start codon in mRNA?

Back

The start codon is AUG, which codes for the amino acid Methionine.

Front

What is the significance of the UGA codon?

Back

UGA is a stop codon that signals the termination of protein synthesis.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in translation?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome during translation.