What are checks and balances?

System where each branch of government exercises some control over the others.

The President can reject legislation from Congress

What is judicial review?

Power of the courts to declare laws and actions of local, state or national governments invalid if they violate the Constitution

What is Marbury v. Madison?

Supreme Court case of 1803 that established the precedent for federal courts to rule on the actions of the government.

What are expressed powers?

Powers directly stated in the Constitution

What are enumerated powers?

Numbered powers 1-18 in the Constitution, Article 1 Section 8

What is the elastic clause?

Final enumerated power that gives Congress the right to make all laws “necessary and proper” to carry out the powers expressed in the other clauses of article I. Allows Congress to stretch its power for any situation.

What is McCulloch v. Maryland?

1819 Supreme Court ruled in favor of a broad interpretation of the elastic clause

What is a balanced budget?

Budget of the federal government where the spending never exceeds its income

What is the Equal Rights Amendment?

Amendment that would prohibit discrimination on the basis of gender

What does impeach mean?

Accuse federal officials of a crime

What is an executive agreement?

Agreement made directly between the president and the head of state of another country, this does not require Senate approval

What is judicial restraint?

Philosophy that the Court should avoid taking the initiative on social and political questions

What is the only thing that amendments can not be about? Options: Slavery, Prohibition, State representation in the Senate, The right to bear arms

State representation in the Senate

What is the Bill of Rights?

1791 the states ratified the first 10 amendments to the Constitution

What is prior restraint?

government censorship of information before it is published or broadcast

false speech intended to damage a person’s reputation

written or published statements intended to damage a person’s reputation

What is probable cause?

police must have a reasonable basis to believe the person or premises is linked to a crime

What is a search warrant?

orders signed by a judge describing a specific place to be searched for specific items or naming the individual to be arrested for a specific crime

What is due process of law?

Fifth Amendment states that the government may not deprive any person of life, liberty or property without following proper constitutional procedures in trails and in other actions taken against individuals.

What is eminent domain?

the power of government to take private property for public use such as building a highway, a dam, or a park. The government must pay a fair price for the property taken and must use it in a way that benefits the public.

Period from November until March for outgoing officials who had little influence and accomplished little.

What is the first amendment?

Protects the right of Americans to worship as they please or to have no religion if they prefer. It also protects freedom of speech and freedom of the press.

What is the second amendment?

Supports the right for citizens to own firearms.

7 divisions of the Constitution

12th- Chapter 3 Review Flashcards

Student preview

39 questions

Show all answers

1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is the preamble?

Back

introduction of the Constitution

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is jurisdiction?

Back

Authority, in this case, the authority of the Supreme Court.

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is the Supremacy Clause?

Back

Article VI, establishes that the Constitution, laws passed by Congress and treaties of the United States shall be the supreme law of the land.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is an amendment?

Back

Change to the Constitution

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is popular sovereignty?

Back

rule by the people

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is federalism?

Back

power is divided between national and state governments

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is separation of powers?

Back

each branch has its responsibilities a system that the Founders hoped would prevent any branch from gaining too much power

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