Genetics Review Flashcardizz

Front

What is codominance in genetics?

Back

Codominance is a pattern of inheritance where both alleles in a heterozygous organism contribute equally and visibly to the organism's phenotype. For example, in a flower with red (RR) and white (WW) parents, the offspring may have both red and white patches (RW).

Front

What is incomplete dominance?

Back

Incomplete dominance is a pattern of inheritance where the phenotype of a heterozygote is intermediate between the phenotypes of the two homozygotes. For example, crossing a red flower (RR) with a white flower (WW) results in pink flowers (RW).

Front

What is complete dominance?

Back

Complete dominance is a pattern of inheritance where the dominant allele completely masks the effect of the recessive allele in a heterozygote. For example, in a pea plant, if T (tall) is dominant over t (short), then Tt will be tall.

Front

What does homozygous recessive mean?

Back

Homozygous recessive refers to an organism that has two identical recessive alleles for a trait. For example, 'rr' is homozygous recessive for the trait of height in pea plants.

Front

What is a trait in genetics?

Back

A trait is a characteristic or feature of an organism that can be passed on to its offspring through genes. Examples include flower color, height, and seed shape.

Front

What is a gene?

Back

A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein or set of proteins, which ultimately determine a trait.

Front

What is an allele?

Back

An allele is a variant form of a gene. For example, a gene for flower color may have a red allele (R) and a white allele (W).

Front

What is a Punnett square?

Back

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles from the parents.

Front

What is the expected phenotype ratio in a monohybrid cross?

Back

In a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous parents (Tt x Tt), the expected phenotype ratio is 3:1, where 3 are dominant (tall) and 1 is recessive (short).

Front

What is the significance of the F1 generation?

Back

The F1 generation is the first generation of offspring produced from a cross of two parental (P) organisms. It typically exhibits the dominant traits.