DNA Structure and Replication

Front

What are the components of a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA), and a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine).

Front

What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?

Back

Helicase is the enzyme that unzips the DNA double helix by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases, allowing the strands to separate.

Front

What is the result of DNA replication?

Back

Each DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one newly synthesized strand, forming two identical DNA molecules.

Front

Why is DNA replication necessary before cell division?

Back

DNA replication is necessary to ensure that each daughter cell receives a complete set of genetic information.

Front

Where is DNA located in eukaryotic cells?

Back

In eukaryotic cells, DNA is primarily located in the nucleus.

Front

What is the function of DNA polymerase?

Back

DNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for synthesizing new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand during replication.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA has a double helix structure, consisting of two strands that wind around each other, with the sugar-phosphate backbone on the outside and nitrogenous bases on the inside.

Front

What is the significance of complementary base pairing in DNA?

Back

Complementary base pairing ensures accurate replication and transcription of genetic information, as adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine pairs with guanine.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA contains deoxyribose sugar and is double-stranded, while RNA contains ribose sugar and is usually single-stranded.