24-25 Biology 2 Exam

Front

What is the female gametophyte in plants?

Back

The female gametophyte is the structure that develops from the megaspore and contains the egg cell, typically found in the ovule.

Front

Define phagocytosis.

Back

Phagocytosis is the process by which a cell surrounds and engulfs solid food particles, allowing them to enter the cell.

Front

What is a heterotroph?

Back

A heterotroph is an organism that cannot produce its own food and relies on consuming other organisms for energy.

Front

What is the function of the pellicle in cells?

Back

The pellicle is a layer of protein beneath the cell membrane that provides strength and flexibility to the cell.

Front

What is the role of the contractile vacuole?

Back

The contractile vacuole expels excess water from the cell to maintain osmotic balance.

Front

What is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?

Back

Autotrophs can produce their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, while heterotrophs must consume other organisms for energy.

Front

Explain the process of endocytosis.

Back

Endocytosis is the process by which cells engulf external substances, bringing them into the cell.

Front

What is the significance of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell, maintaining homeostasis and protecting the cell's internal environment.

Front

Define osmosis.

Back

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, translating messenger RNA into polypeptide chains.