4.3 - Measuring Populations and Biodiversity

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What is Random Sampling?

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A technique used to select a subset of individuals from a population, ensuring that every individual has an equal chance of being chosen, which helps to eliminate observer bias.

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Why is Random Sampling important?

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It insures no observer bias, leading to more reliable and valid results.

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What does Simpson's Index measure?

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A measure of biodiversity that accounts for both species richness (the number of different species) and evenness (the relative abundance of each species).

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How is Simpson's Index calculated?

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Simpson's Index (D) is calculated using the formula D = 1 - ∑(n/N)², where n is the number of individuals of each species and N is the total number of individuals.

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What is the Lincoln Index used for?

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A method used to estimate the population size of mobile organisms by capturing, marking, and recapturing individuals.

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What is species richness?

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The number of different species present in a given area.

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What is species evenness?

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A measure of how evenly individuals are distributed among the different species in a community.

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What is Quadrat Sampling?

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A technique used to estimate the abundance and distribution of organisms in a specific area by counting individuals within a defined square or rectangular plot.

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What is Transect Sampling?

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A method of sampling that involves laying out a line (transect) across a habitat and recording the species that intersect with that line.

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What does a high Simpson's Index value indicate?

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A high Simpson's Index value indicates high biodiversity, meaning there are many different species present and they are evenly distributed.