Unit 2: Reconstructing America - FINAL REVIEW

Front

What was the primary goal of the Freedmen’s Bureau?

Back

Aid freed slaves with food, housing, and education

Answer explanation

The primary goal of the Freedmen’s Bureau was to aid freed slaves by providing essential services such as food, housing, and education, helping them transition to freedom after the Civil War.

Front

The 14th Amendment guaranteed:

Back

Citizenship and equal protection under the law

Answer explanation

The 14th Amendment guaranteed citizenship and equal protection under the law, ensuring that all individuals, regardless of race, have the same legal rights. This is distinct from the abolition of slavery and voting rights for women.

Front

What system kept freedmen economically dependent on landowners?

Back

Sharecropping

Answer explanation

Sharecropping was a system where freedmen worked land owned by others in exchange for a share of the crops, keeping them economically dependent on landowners and limiting their financial independence.

Front

The Compromise of 1877 led to:

Back

Withdrawal of federal troops from the South

Answer explanation

The Compromise of 1877 resulted in the withdrawal of federal troops from the South, effectively ending Reconstruction and allowing Southern states to regain control over their governments.

Front

Plessy v. Ferguson established:

Back

"Separate but equal" segregation

Answer explanation

Plessy v. Ferguson established the "separate but equal" doctrine, which upheld racial segregation as constitutional, allowing for separate facilities for blacks and whites as long as they were deemed equal.

Front

The Industrial Revolution in America was characterized by:

Back

Growth of mass production and new technologies

Answer explanation

The Industrial Revolution in America was marked by the growth of mass production and new technologies, which transformed industries and increased efficiency, contrasting with the other options that suggest decline or decentralization.

Front

Vertical integration is best associated with: John D. Rockefeller, Cornelius Vanderbilt, J.P. Morgan, Andrew Carnegie

Back

Andrew Carnegie

Answer explanation

Andrew Carnegie is best known for his vertical integration strategy in the steel industry, controlling every aspect from raw materials to production, which significantly increased efficiency and profits.

Front

What term describes a company eliminating competition by buying out competitors?

Back

Horizontal integration

Answer explanation

The term 'horizontal integration' refers to a strategy where a company acquires its competitors to eliminate competition and increase market share. This is distinct from vertical integration, which involves acquiring suppliers or distributors.

Front

The term "robber baron" refers to:

Back

Industrialists accused of unethical practices

Answer explanation

The term "robber baron" specifically refers to industrialists who were accused of using unethical practices to amass wealth during the late 19th century, making "Industrialists accused of unethical practices" the correct choice.

Front

Ellis Island was known as:

Back

An immigration processing center in New York Harbor

Answer explanation

Ellis Island served as an immigration processing center in New York Harbor from 1892 to 1954, where millions of immigrants were processed before entering the United States, making it a significant historical site.