Symbiotic Relationships: Parasitism

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Examples of parasitism

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Tapeworms, ticks, lamprey, mistletoe

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Movement of some parasites

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Some parasites can move on mosquitoes and dog fleas.

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Symbiotic relationships

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Interactions between two different species living in direct contact for mutual benefit.

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Role of Alga in Lichens

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Acts as the producer and food source for the fungus.

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Role of Fungus in Lichens

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Provides structure and physical support for the algae.

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Symbiotic relationship: commensalism

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In commensalism, the benefits go to one of the two species, but the other is not hurt. An example is cattle stirring up insects for birds to eat.

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Image of cattle with birds, illustrating commensalism.

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The image shows cattle and birds, demonstrating a commensal relationship where cattle stir up insects for birds to eat.

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Example of a Keystone Species

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The beaver, which builds dams to control water levels.

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Food Chain Influence

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Keystone species have effects up and down the food chain.

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Percentage of identified species that are vertebrates.

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3% are vertebrates (mammals, birds, fish).