Biology Fall Semester Review #1

Front

What is a hypertonic solution?

Back

A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes compared to the inside of a cell, causing the cell to lose water and shrivel.

Front

What is the role of enzymes in chemical reactions?

Back

Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.

Front

What factors affect enzyme activity?

Back

Enzyme activity can be affected by temperature, pH, and substrate concentration.

Front

What is transcription in biology?

Back

Transcription is the process of synthesizing mRNA from a DNA template in the nucleus.

Front

What are the reactants of photosynthesis?

Back

The reactants of photosynthesis are carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O).

Front

What is an isotonic solution?

Back

An isotonic solution has the same concentration of solutes as the inside of a cell, resulting in no net movement of water.

Front

What is a hypotonic solution?

Back

A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes compared to the inside of a cell, causing the cell to swell and potentially burst.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where protein synthesis occurs, translating mRNA into polypeptide chains.

Front

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Back

Transcription is the process of making mRNA from DNA, while translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA.

Front

What is the significance of the active site of an enzyme?

Back

The active site of an enzyme is the region where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction.