Fall Final Exam - The Basics

Front

Are animals prokaryotic?

Back

False - Animals are eukaryotic organisms, which means their cells have a nucleus.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring energy.

Front

What is co-dominance in genetics?

Back

Co-dominance is a genetic scenario where both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed, resulting in offspring with a phenotype that is neither dominant nor recessive.

Front

What do all cells use for energy?

Back

All cells use ATP (adenosine triphosphate) as their primary energy currency.

Front

How is energy released from ATP?

Back

Energy is released from ATP by removing the third phosphate group, converting it to ADP (adenosine diphosphate).

Front

What is the definition of prokaryotic cells?

Back

Prokaryotic cells are simple, unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

Front

What is the difference between passive and active transport?

Back

Passive transport does not require energy and moves substances down their concentration gradient, while active transport requires energy to move substances against their gradient.

Front

What is the role of ATP in cellular processes?

Back

ATP provides energy for various cellular processes, including muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, and biosynthesis.

Front

What is incomplete dominance?

Back

Incomplete dominance is a genetic situation where the phenotype of a heterozygote is intermediate between the phenotypes of the two homozygotes.

Front

What is the function of enzymes in biological reactions?

Back

Enzymes are catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body by lowering the activation energy required.