DNA and Protein Synthesis

Front

What are insertions and deletions in DNA mutations?

Back

Insertions and deletions are types of mutations that result in frameshift mutations, altering the reading frame of the genetic code.

Front

What did Rosalind Franklin's 'Photo 51' reveal about DNA?

Back

It allowed Watson and Crick to determine the shape of DNA, which is a double helix.

Front

What is a gene?

Back

A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for making a specific protein.

Front

How does sickle cell anemia affect the body?

Back

Sickle cell anemia affects the hemoglobin protein in red blood cells, leading to various health complications.

Front

What is the process of transcription in DNA?

Back

Transcription is the process of converting a DNA sequence into a complementary RNA sequence.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A frameshift mutation occurs when nucleotides are inserted or deleted from the DNA sequence, changing the reading frame.

Front

What are the nitrogen bases in DNA?

Back

The nitrogen bases in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil instead of thymine.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in protein structure and function.