2. Final EOC Review - Macromolecules and Enzymes

Front

What are nucleotides?

Back

Nucleotides are the monomers that make up nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA.

Front

What elements make up lipids?

Back

Lipids are primarily made of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O).

Front

What is the function of the waxy coating on plant surfaces?

Back

The waxy coating reduces water loss by being non-permeable to water.

Front

What is the composition of carbohydrates?

Back

Carbohydrates are made of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) in a ratio of 1C:2H:1O.

Front

Why are enzymes important for cellular reactions?

Back

Enzymes are necessary because they speed up reactions that would otherwise be too slow to meet the needs of the cell.

Front

What are the four main types of macromolecules?

Back

The four main types of macromolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Front

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in living organisms?

Back

Carbohydrates serve as a primary source of energy and are also involved in structural functions.

Front

What are proteins made of?

Back

Proteins are made of amino acids, which are linked together by peptide bonds.

Front

What role do enzymes play in biochemical reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts that lower the activation energy required for reactions to occur.

Front

What is the structure of a lipid?

Back

Lipids are composed of long hydrocarbon chains or rings, which can be saturated or unsaturated.