Midterm Review Session

Front

What type of cells are bacteria and archaea?

Back

Prokaryotic cells are unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

Front

What type of cells are plants and animal cells?

Back

Eukaryotic cells are complex cells that contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

Front

What is the process called when molecules move from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration?

Back

Active transport is the movement of molecules against their concentration gradient, requiring energy.

Front

Which type of cell contains a nucleus?

Back

Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus, which houses the cell's genetic material.

Front

What is a phospholipid?

Back

A phospholipid is a molecule that forms the bilayer of cell membranes, consisting of a hydrophilic 'head' and two hydrophobic 'tails'.

Front

What is the primary function of integral proteins in the cell membrane?

Back

Integral proteins facilitate the transport of substances across the cell membrane.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.

Front

What distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

Back

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have both.

Front

What is passive transport?

Back

Passive transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane without the use of energy, following the concentration gradient.

Front

What role do carbohydrates play in the cell membrane?

Back

Carbohydrates serve as recognition sites for cell signaling and communication.