Biology EOC Final Review #2

Front

What is incomplete dominance in flower color inheritance?

Back

Incomplete dominance is a genetic situation in which one allele does not completely dominate another allele, resulting in a phenotype that is a blending of the two traits. For example, a red-flowered plant and a white-flowered plant produce pink-flowered offspring.

Front

What is transcription in biology?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA. During transcription, the DNA sequence is used to create a complementary strand of mRNA.

Front

What type of symbiosis is exemplified by flowering plants and their pollinators?

Back

Mutualism is a type of symbiosis where both species benefit. In this case, flowering plants provide nectar to insects, while insects help in pollination.

Front

What is replication in the context of DNA?

Back

Replication is the process of copying the entire DNA molecule, resulting in two identical copies of the genome, which is essential for cell division.

Front

What are the two forms of carbon in the carbon cycle?

Back

The two forms of carbon in the carbon cycle are carbon dioxide (CO2) and glucose (C6H12O6). Carbon dioxide is used in photosynthesis, while glucose is a product of this process.

Front

Define mutualism in ecological terms.

Back

Mutualism is a symbiotic relationship between two species where both benefit from the interaction.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis during translation.

Front

Explain the difference between transcription and translation.

Back

Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template, while translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from an mRNA template.

Front

What is the significance of the carbon cycle in ecosystems?

Back

The carbon cycle is crucial for maintaining the balance of carbon in the environment, supporting life by recycling carbon through processes like photosynthesis and respiration.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in cells?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where protein synthesis occurs, translating mRNA into polypeptide chains.