Understanding Cognitive Development

Front

Jean Piaget would say that Craig’s new way of thinking about nests is an example of

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accommodation

Front

Raj, a four-year-old child, learned to open the door to a classroom by pulling on the handle. Now whenever he approaches any door he pulls on the handle and is confused when that does not work. This is best explained by Raj’s having developed which of the following for door opening?

Back

A mental set

Front

A prototype is best defined as

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the hypothetical 'most typical' instance of a category

Front

Denny does not have wrapping paper to use to wrap a birthday present, and so he decides to use colorful newspaper comics instead. Denny’s solution demonstrates that he has overcome

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functional fixedness

Front

Creativity is most closely associated with which of the following? Convergent thinking, Divergent thinking, Interpersonal intelligence, Intrapersonal intelligence

Back

Divergent thinking

Front

Piper judges that a person described as adventurous and extroverted is more likely to be a lawyer who enjoys hiking than a lawyer who does not. What is the best explanation for her error?

Back

the representativeness heuristic

Front

A problem-solving strategy that is thorough but often inefficient when it is used by humans is an example of which of the following concepts?

Back

an algorithm

Front

Jordan learns a trick to solve one particular type of math problem. He then uses the same trick to solve other types of math problems, even though it does not work and he keeps getting the wrong answer. Jordan’s use of the trick is an example of

Back

a mental set

Front

Matthew’s parents are physicists, and so are the parents of several of his best friends. Therefore, Matthew believes that many people are employed as physicists. Matthew’s reasoning is based on

Back

the availability heuristic

Front

A teacher asks students to think of as many uses for a brick as possible. By listing 50 uses, most of which the class finds new and unusual, Susan is displaying

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divergent thinking