Biology midterm study guide

Front

What is cellular respiration?

Back

The process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water. It occurs in both plant and animal cells.

Front

Why is DNA considered a polymer?

Back

Because DNA is made up of many repeated subunits called nucleotides bonded together.

Front

What type of macromolecule stores energy and provides thermal insulation?

Back

Lipid.

Front

What is an independent variable in an experiment?

Back

The variable that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment to test its effects on the dependent variable.

Front

What component of the cell membrane is responsible for active transport?

Back

Protein.

Front

What is the function of lipids in the body?

Back

To store energy, provide insulation, and make up cell membranes.

Front

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Back

Amino acids.

Front

What is the role of carbohydrates in living organisms?

Back

To provide energy and support cellular structure.

Front

What is the difference between a dependent variable and an independent variable?

Back

The dependent variable is what is measured in an experiment, while the independent variable is what is changed.

Front

What is the structure of a cell membrane?

Back

A phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates.