Final Exam Study Guide

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What is a proportion?

Back

A proportion is an equation that states that two ratios are equal. For example, if a recipe calls for 1 cup of sugar for every 2 cups of flour, the ratio of sugar to flour is 1:2.

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How do you find the missing value in a proportion?

Back

To find the missing value in a proportion, you can cross-multiply and solve for the unknown. For example, if a/b = c/d, then a*d = b*c.

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What is a percentage?

Back

A percentage is a way of expressing a number as a fraction of 100. For example, 75% means 75 out of 100.

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How do you calculate the percentage of a number?

Back

To calculate the percentage of a number, divide the part by the whole and then multiply by 100. For example, to find what percentage 36 is of 48, calculate (36/48) * 100.

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What is the order of operations in mathematics?

Back

The order of operations is a set of rules that determines the sequence in which calculations are performed. The acronym PEMDAS helps remember the order: Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication and Division (from left to right), Addition and Subtraction (from left to right).

Front

What is a ratio?

Back

A ratio is a comparison of two quantities by division. For example, if there are 3 birds and 18 total animals, the ratio of birds to all animals is 3:18.

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How do you simplify a ratio?

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To simplify a ratio, divide both terms by their greatest common divisor. For example, the ratio 3:18 can be simplified to 1:6.

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What is a unit rate?

Back

A unit rate is a comparison of two different quantities when they are combined together. It is often expressed as a quantity per 1 unit of another quantity. For example, if 15 kg of tomatoes cost $32.25, the unit rate is $2.15 per kg.

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How do you compare prices to find the best deal?

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To compare prices, calculate the unit price for each option. The option with the lower unit price is the better deal.

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What does it mean if an equation is true or false?

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In mathematics, an equation is true if both sides are equal and false if they are not. For example, 2 + 2 = 4 is true, while 2 + 2 = 5 is false.