Stratigraphy Practice

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What is a fault in geology?

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A fault is a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock, which allows for the movement of the rocks relative to each other.

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What does relative age of a rock mean?

Back

The relative age of a rock is determined by comparing its age to the ages of surrounding rocks, rather than measuring its actual age.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

Front

What is the law of superposition?

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The law of superposition states that in undisturbed sedimentary rock layers, the oldest layers are at the bottom and the youngest layers are at the top.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

Front

What is erosion?

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Erosion is the process by which soil and rock are removed from the Earth's surface by natural processes such as wind or water flow.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Front

What are inclusions in geology?

Back

Inclusions are fragments of one rock type that are contained within another rock type, indicating that the rock containing the inclusions is younger.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

Front

What is an unconformity?

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An unconformity is a surface that represents a gap in the geological record, where rock layers have been eroded or not deposited for a period of time.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

Front

What is deposition in geology?

Back

Deposition is the process by which sediments, soil, and rocks are added to a landform or land mass, often occurring in bodies of water.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Front

What is the significance of cross-cutting relationships?

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The principle of cross-cutting relationships states that a geological feature (like a fault or intrusion) that cuts through another is younger than the feature it cuts.

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What is the difference between intrusion and extrusion?

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Intrusion refers to magma that cools and solidifies within the Earth's crust, while extrusion refers to magma that erupts onto the Earth's surface as lava.

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What is the process of folding in geology?

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Folding is the bending of rock layers due to tectonic forces, which can create mountains and other geological features.