AP Biology: Unit 1 Review (CED)

Front

Why is water considered polar?

Back

Water is considered polar due to the presence of polar covalent bonds, where oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, leading to a partial negative charge on oxygen and a partial positive charge on hydrogen.

Front

What are the three components of a nucleic acid monomer?

Back

The three components of a nucleic acid monomer are a pentose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group.

Front

Which macromolecules contain nitrogen?

Back

Nucleic acids and proteins are the macromolecules that contain nitrogen.

Front

What is the base pairing rule in DNA?

Back

In DNA, adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T) with 2 hydrogen bonds, and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C) with 3 hydrogen bonds.

Front

What is the role of the carboxyl group in peptide bond formation?

Back

The carboxyl group of one amino acid reacts with the amino group of another amino acid to form a peptide bond.

Front

Define polar covalent bond.

Back

A polar covalent bond is a type of chemical bond where a pair of electrons is unequally shared between two atoms, resulting in a molecule with a slight electrical dipole moment.

Front

What is a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is the basic building block of nucleic acids, consisting of a pentose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What are the four types of macromolecules?

Back

The four types of macromolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Front

What is the primary structure of a protein?

Back

The primary structure of a protein is the linear sequence of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.

Front

What is the function of enzymes?

Back

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body by lowering the activation energy.