Orbital Diagrams, Rules and Principles

Front

What is the Aufbau principle?

Back

The Aufbau principle states that electrons occupy the lowest energy orbitals first before filling higher energy orbitals.

Front

What does Hund's rule state?

Back

Hund's rule states that electrons will fill degenerate orbitals (orbitals of the same energy) singly before pairing up.

Front

What is the Pauli exclusion principle?

Back

The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.

Front

How many electrons can the s sublevel hold?

Back

The s sublevel can hold a maximum of 2 electrons.

Front

How many electrons can the p sublevel hold?

Back

The p sublevel can hold a maximum of 6 electrons.

Front

How many electrons can the d sublevel hold?

Back

The d sublevel can hold a maximum of 10 electrons.

Front

How many electrons can the f sublevel hold?

Back

The f sublevel can hold a maximum of 14 electrons.

Front

What is an orbital diagram?

Back

An orbital diagram is a visual representation of the arrangement of electrons in an atom's orbitals.

Front

What is the significance of the direction of arrows in an orbital diagram?

Back

The direction of arrows in an orbital diagram represents the spin of electrons; up arrows indicate one spin direction and down arrows indicate the opposite.

Front

What is a degenerate orbital?

Back

Degenerate orbitals are orbitals that have the same energy level, such as the three p orbitals.