Intermolecular Forces IMF

Front

What are intermolecular forces (IMF)?

Back

Intermolecular forces (IMF) are the forces of attraction or repulsion between neighboring particles (molecules, atoms, or ions). They play a crucial role in determining the physical properties of substances.

Front

What is molecular polarity?

Back

Molecular polarity refers to the distribution of electrical charge over the atoms in a molecule. A molecule is polar if it has a net dipole moment due to the presence of polar bonds and an asymmetric shape.

Front

What type of IMF occurs between polar molecules?

Back

Dipole-Dipole Interaction occurs between polar molecules, where the positive end of one polar molecule is attracted to the negative end of another.

Front

What is hydrogen bonding?

Back

Hydrogen bonding is a strong type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs when hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative atoms like fluorine, nitrogen, or oxygen.

Front

Why is hydrogen bonding considered a strong intermolecular force?

Back

Hydrogen bonding is strong because it involves an attraction between a small, weakly electronegative hydrogen atom and a large, strongly electronegative atom, leading to significant dipole interactions.

Front

Does HF (hydrogen fluoride) exhibit hydrogen bonding?

Back

Yes, HF exhibits hydrogen bonding due to the presence of hydrogen bonded to fluorine, a highly electronegative atom.

Front

What is London Dispersion Force?

Back

London Dispersion Force is a weak intermolecular force that arises from temporary dipoles created when electrons move around an atom or molecule.

Front

What factors affect the strength of London Dispersion Forces?

Back

The strength of London Dispersion Forces increases with the size of the molecule and the number of electrons, as larger molecules have more polarizable electron clouds.

Front

What is the difference between dipole-dipole interactions and hydrogen bonds?

Back

Dipole-dipole interactions occur between all polar molecules, while hydrogen bonds are a specific, stronger type of dipole-dipole interaction that involves hydrogen bonded to highly electronegative atoms.

Front

What is an ion-dipole interaction?

Back

Ion-dipole interaction is the attractive force between an ion and a polar molecule, significant in solutions where ionic compounds dissolve in polar solvents.