Front

What is protein synthesis?

Back

The process by which cells generate new proteins, involving transcription of DNA to mRNA and translation of mRNA to amino acids.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in protein structure and function.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A mutation caused by the insertion or deletion of a base in the DNA sequence, altering the reading frame of the genetic code.

Front

What is a substitution mutation?

Back

A mutation where one base in the DNA sequence is replaced by another, potentially changing one amino acid in the protein.

Front

What is a silent mutation?

Back

A type of mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence of a protein, often due to redundancy in the genetic code.

Front

What are codons?

Back

Sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids or stop signals during protein synthesis.

Front

What is an insertion mutation?

Back

A mutation where one or more bases are added to the DNA sequence, potentially altering the protein produced.

Front

What is a deletion mutation?

Back

A mutation where one or more bases are removed from the DNA sequence, which can disrupt the reading frame.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it is translated into a protein.

Front

What is the genetic code?

Back

The set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material is translated into proteins, consisting of codons.