Chemistry Final Exam Review

Front

What is molarity?

Back

Molarity (M) is a measure of concentration defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.

Front

How do you calculate the volume of a concentrated solution needed to prepare a diluted solution?

Back

Use the formula: C1V1 = C2V2, where C1 is the concentration of the concentrated solution, V1 is the volume of the concentrated solution, C2 is the concentration of the diluted solution, and V2 is the volume of the diluted solution.

Front

What is the balanced equation for the reaction of magnesium with hydrochloric acid?

Back

Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl₂(aq) + H₂(g)

Front

How do you calculate the number of moles from grams?

Back

Use the formula: moles = mass (g) / molar mass (g/mol).

Front

What is the pH scale?

Back

The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), with 7 being neutral.

Front

How do you find the concentration of hydronium ions from pH?

Back

Use the formula: [H₃O⁺] = 10^(-pH).

Front

What is a saturated solution?

Back

A saturated solution is one in which the maximum amount of solute has been dissolved at a given temperature.

Front

What is an unsaturated solution?

Back

An unsaturated solution is one that can still dissolve more solute at a given temperature.

Front

What is a supersaturated solution?

Back

A supersaturated solution contains more solute than can normally be dissolved at a given temperature.

Front

What factors affect the rate of solute dissolution?

Back

Factors include stirring, temperature, and surface area of the solute.