Semester 1 Review '24

Front

What is the function of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the probability of offspring having a recessive trait if both parents are carriers?

Back

25% chance of the offspring having the recessive trait.

Front

What role does tRNA play in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis.

Front

What determines the specific amino acids that form a protein?

Back

The sequence of nucleotides in the DNA determines the specific amino acids that are combined to form a protein.

Front

Where is the genetic code located?

Back

The genetic code is located in the nucleotides of DNA.

Front

What are the three main types of RNA involved in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA), and rRNA (ribosomal RNA).

Front

What is the role of rRNA in the cell?

Back

rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is a component of ribosomes and helps facilitate the translation of mRNA into proteins.

Front

Define a recessive trait in genetics.

Back

A recessive trait is a genetic characteristic that is expressed only when two copies of the recessive allele are present.

Front

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype refers to the observable traits or characteristics.

Front

What is a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is the basic building block of DNA and RNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.