Semester 1 Review

Front

What is endosymbiosis?

Back

Endosymbiosis is a theory that explains how certain organelles, like chloroplasts and mitochondria, originated from free-living prokaryotes that were engulfed by ancestral eukaryotic cells.

Front

What organelles are a result of endosymbiosis?

Back

Chloroplasts and mitochondria.

Front

What phase of mitosis is characterized by chromosomes aligning at the cell's equator?

Back

Metaphase.

Front

Why does ice float on water?

Back

Ice floats because, as water freezes, it expands and its density decreases.

Front

What is the original cell theory?

Back

The original cell theory stated that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic structural and functional units of life, and cells form through spontaneous generation.

Front

What is the current understanding of cell theory?

Back

The current cell theory states that all living things are made of cells, all cells come from preexisting cells, and cells are the basic structural and functional units of life.

Front

What are the three phases of interphase in order?

Back

G1, S, G2.

Front

What happens during the G1 phase of interphase?

Back

During the G1 phase, the cell grows and synthesizes proteins necessary for DNA replication.

Front

What occurs during the S phase of interphase?

Back

During the S phase, DNA is replicated, resulting in two copies of each chromosome.

Front

What is the function of mitochondria?

Back

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, as they generate ATP through cellular respiration.