Exploring Rocks and Minerals Flashcard

Front

What is weathering?

Back

Weathering is the process that breaks down rocks into smaller particles through physical, chemical, or biological means.

Front

What is erosion?

Back

Erosion is the process by which soil and rock are removed from one location and transported to another, often by wind, water, or ice.

Front

What is the difference between weathering and erosion?

Back

Weathering breaks down rocks in place, while erosion involves the movement of those particles to a different location.

Front

What is a mineral?

Back

A mineral is a naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a definite chemical composition and a crystalline structure.

Front

How can you test the hardness of a mineral?

Back

You can test the hardness of a mineral by scratching it with a fingernail, a copper coin, or a steel file.

Front

What is chemical weathering?

Back

Chemical weathering is the process that breaks down rocks through chemical reactions, such as oxidation or hydrolysis.

Front

What is oxidation in the context of weathering?

Back

Oxidation is a chemical weathering process where oxygen reacts with minerals, often leading to the formation of rust.

Front

What are the main agents of erosion?

Back

The main agents of erosion are water, wind, ice, and gravity.

Front

How do waves contribute to coastal erosion?

Back

Waves can erode coastlines by crashing against rocks and sediment, gradually wearing them away.

Front

What is a sand dune?

Back

A sand dune is a hill of sand formed by the wind, often found in deserts or along coastlines.