Chemistry Midterm Review

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An example of an exothermic process is...

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Freezing is an exothermic process where heat is released as a substance changes from liquid to solid.

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What type of matter is shown in this particle diagram?

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Element: A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.

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A nuclear reaction where a nucleus splits into two smaller nuclei is...

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Fission: A nuclear reaction in which the nucleus of an atom splits into smaller parts, releasing energy.

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Isotopes of an element have a different number of...

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Neutrons: Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

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How many neutrons in Carbon-14?

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Carbon-14 has 8 neutrons (14 total nucleons - 6 protons = 8 neutrons).

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What is the definition of a compound?

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A compound is a substance formed when two or more elements are chemically bonded together.

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What is the law of conservation of mass?

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The law of conservation of mass states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.

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What is an endothermic process?

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An endothermic process is a reaction that absorbs heat from its surroundings.

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What is the difference between a mixture and a compound?

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A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded, while a compound is a substance formed from two or more elements that are chemically bonded.

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What is the atomic number?

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The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the element's identity.