Percent Proportions, Discounts, and Such.

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What is a percent?

Back

A percent is a ratio expressed as a fraction of 100. It represents a part of a whole.

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How do you calculate a percent of a number?

Back

To calculate a percent of a number, multiply the number by the percent (in decimal form). For example, to find 20% of 50, calculate 50 * 0.20 = 10.

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What is a proportion?

Back

A proportion is an equation that states that two ratios are equal.

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How do you solve for x in a proportion?

Back

Cross-multiply the two ratios and then solve for x. For example, if a/b = c/d, then ad = bc.

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What is a discount?

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A discount is a reduction in the original price of a product or service.

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How do you calculate the sale price after a discount?

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To calculate the sale price, subtract the discount amount from the original price. Sale Price = Original Price - Discount.

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What is sales tax?

Back

Sales tax is a percentage added to the price of goods and services, collected by the seller.

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How do you calculate the total price including sales tax?

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To calculate the total price, multiply the original price by the sales tax rate and add it to the original price. Total Price = Original Price + (Original Price * Sales Tax Rate).

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What is markup?

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Markup is the amount added to the cost price of goods to cover overhead and profit.

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How do you calculate the selling price with markup?

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To calculate the selling price, add the markup amount to the cost price. Selling Price = Cost Price + Markup.