Infectious Disease I - Humans vs Microorganisms (Basics)

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What is an infectious disease?

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An infectious disease is an illness caused by pathogens (such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites) that can be transmitted from one organism to another.

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What is a noninfectious disease?

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A noninfectious disease is an illness that cannot be spread from one person to another, often caused by genetic, environmental, or lifestyle factors.

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What factors favor the spread of infectious diseases?

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High population density, poor sanitation, and lack of vaccination can favor the spread of infectious diseases.

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How can viral infections be prevented?

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Viral infections can often be prevented through vaccination, good hygiene practices, and avoiding contact with infected individuals.

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What is the role of antibiotics in treating infections?

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Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections, but they are ineffective against viral infections.

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What happens to disease transmission when sanitation improves?

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When sanitation improves, the number of infectious disease cases typically decreases.

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What is the difference between an epidemic and a pandemic?

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An epidemic is a sudden increase in the number of cases of a disease in a specific area, while a pandemic is an epidemic that has spread over multiple countries or continents.

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What does it mean for a disease to be contagious?

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A contagious disease is one that can be easily spread from person to person, often through direct contact or respiratory droplets.

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What is herd immunity?

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Herd immunity occurs when a significant portion of a population becomes immune to a disease, making its spread unlikely.

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What is the incubation period of a disease?

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The incubation period is the time between exposure to a pathogen and the onset of symptoms.