Periodic Table & Trends

They have the same number of Valence Electrons.

Atomic radius increases because you add more and more shells (energy levels).

Electronegativity decreases.

Calcium (Ca) has a lower ionization energy than Scandium.

Element W has the highest electronegativity.

Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom in its gaseous state.

Ionization energy generally increases as you move from left to right across a period.

As atomic size increases, ionization energy decreases.

Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that are involved in chemical bonding.

Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties due to having the same number of valence electrons.