The Scientific Method

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What is the Scientific Method?

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A systematic process used for scientific investigation, involving observation, hypothesis formulation, experimentation, and conclusion.

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What is an independent variable in an experiment?

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The condition that the experimenter changes to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

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What is a dependent variable in an experiment?

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The outcome or response that is measured in an experiment, which is affected by the independent variable.

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What are controlled variables (constants) in an experiment?

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Factors that are kept the same throughout the experiment to ensure that the results are due to the independent variable.

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What is qualitative data?

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Data that describes characteristics or qualities, often collected through observations.

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What is quantitative data?

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Data that can be measured and expressed numerically.

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What is a hypothesis?

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A testable prediction about the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.

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What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?

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To provide a baseline for comparison against the experimental group, helping to isolate the effects of the independent variable.

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What is the difference between a theory and a law in science?

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A theory explains why phenomena occur, while a law describes what happens under certain conditions.

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What is the importance of replication in scientific experiments?

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Replication ensures that results are consistent and reliable, reducing the likelihood of errors.