Macromolecules

Front

What are macromolecules?

Back

Large, complex molecules essential for life, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Front

What are the four main types of macromolecules?

Back

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids.

Front

What is the primary function of carbohydrates?

Back

To provide energy and structural support in cells.

Front

What are lipids and their main functions?

Back

Lipids are hydrophobic molecules that store energy, form cell membranes, and act as signaling molecules.

Front

What are proteins made of?

Back

Proteins are made of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.

Front

What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.

Front

What is enzyme specificity?

Back

Enzyme specificity refers to the ability of an enzyme to catalyze a specific reaction for a particular substrate.

Front

How do nucleic acids function in cells?

Back

Nucleic acids, like DNA and RNA, store and transmit genetic information.

Front

What is the structure of a phospholipid?

Back

A phospholipid consists of a hydrophilic (water-attracting) head and two hydrophobic (water-repelling) tails.

Front

What happens to enzyme activity when substrate concentration increases?

Back

Enzyme activity increases and then levels off as all active sites become occupied.