Biotechnology Test

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What is gene therapy?

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A technique that uses genes to treat or prevent diseases by inserting normal genes into a patient's cells.

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How does biotechnology help in agriculture?

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By creating genetically modified crops that can resist pests, diseases, and environmental conditions, reducing the need for chemical pesticides.

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What is cell differentiation?

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The process by which a less specialized cell becomes a more specialized cell type, such as a fat cell or nerve cell.

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What is gel electrophoresis used for?

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A method for separating DNA fragments based on their size, allowing for DNA analysis and fingerprinting.

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What are stem cells?

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Undifferentiated cells that have the potential to develop into many different cell types.

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What is the role of restrictive enzymes in DNA analysis?

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They cut DNA at specific sequences, allowing scientists to analyze and manipulate DNA fragments.

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What is a genetically modified organism (GMO)?

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An organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.

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What is the significance of DNA fingerprinting?

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It is used for identifying individuals based on their unique DNA patterns, often used in forensic science.

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What is the purpose of creating crops with genes toxic to pests?

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To reduce the reliance on chemical pesticides and increase crop yield by naturally deterring pests.

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What is the difference between somatic cells and stem cells?

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Somatic cells are specialized cells that perform specific functions, while stem cells are unspecialized and can develop into various cell types.