Biology OST Review #2

Front

What is Active Transport?

Back

Active Transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, requiring energy (ATP).

Front

What is Passive Transport?

Back

Passive Transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane without the use of energy, moving from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Front

What are the main components of the cell membrane?

Back

The main components of the cell membrane are lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.

Front

What is the role of lipids in the cell membrane?

Back

Lipids form the bilayer structure of the cell membrane, providing a barrier that separates the interior of the cell from the external environment.

Front

What is the function of proteins in the cell membrane?

Back

Proteins in the cell membrane assist in transport, act as receptors, and provide structural support.

Front

What are nucleic acids?

Back

Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are molecules that store and transmit genetic information.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis.

Front

What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?

Back

The codon UUA represents the amino acid Leucine.

Front

What is the significance of Chargaff's rules in DNA?

Back

Chargaff's rules state that in DNA, the amount of adenine (A) equals thymine (T) and the amount of cytosine (C) equals guanine (G), which is crucial for understanding DNA structure.

Front

What is a Silent Mutation?

Back

A Silent Mutation is a type of genetic mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence of a protein.