Bio 137 Semester 1 Review

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What is an acid?

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An acid is a substance that donates protons (H+) in a solution, resulting in a pH less than 7. Example: Tomato soup with a pH of 4.

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What is a base?

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A base is a substance that accepts protons or donates hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution, resulting in a pH greater than 7. Example: Baking soda with a pH of 9.

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What is pH?

Back

pH is a scale used to measure the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), with 7 being neutral.

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What is the independent variable in an experiment?

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The independent variable is the factor that is changed or controlled in an experiment to test its effects on the dependent variable.

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What is the dependent variable in an experiment?

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The dependent variable is the factor that is measured or observed in an experiment, which is affected by the independent variable.

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What is cellular respiration?

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Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water. The equation is: 6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy.

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What is the equation for cellular respiration?

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6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy.

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What does a pH above 7 indicate?

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A pH above 7 indicates a basic (alkaline) solution.

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What does a pH below 7 indicate?

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A pH below 7 indicates an acidic solution.

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What is the role of a hypothesis in an experiment?

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A hypothesis is a testable statement that predicts the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.