DNA Structure & History

Front

What forms the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?

Back

Deoxyribose sugar and phosphate.

Front

What did Erwin Chargaff conclude from his experiments?

Back

A and T always occur in equal amounts; C and G always occur in equal amounts.

Front

Which organelle contains DNA that is only passed down from the mother?

Back

Mitochondria.

Front

How did Rosalind Franklin contribute to the understanding of DNA?

Back

She crystallized DNA to observe the X-ray diffraction pattern.

Front

How many hydrogen bonds are formed between Guanine and Cytosine?

Back

3.

Front

What is the structure of DNA commonly described as?

Back

A double helix.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine.

Front

What is the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?

Back

It synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

Front

What is the significance of the 5' and 3' ends of a DNA strand?

Back

They indicate the directionality of the DNA strand, which is crucial for replication and transcription.

Front

What is the function of the phosphate group in DNA?

Back

It forms the backbone of the DNA strand, linking deoxyribose sugars.