AP Bio Insta-Review Topic 3.4: Cellular Energy

Front

What is the Second Law of Thermodynamics?

Back

Every reaction increases the entropy of the universe.

Front

What molecule is responsible for powering cellular processes?

Back

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is the primary energy carrier in cells.

Front

What characterizes an exergonic reaction?

Back

An exergonic reaction has a negative ΔG and is spontaneous.

Front

What characterizes an endergonic reaction?

Back

An endergonic reaction has a positive ΔG and is nonspontaneous.

Front

What is the First Law of Thermodynamics?

Back

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed.

Front

Define ATP.

Back

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is a nucleotide that stores and transfers energy in cells.

Front

What is entropy?

Back

Entropy is a measure of disorder or randomness in a system.

Front

What does ΔG represent in thermodynamics?

Back

ΔG represents the change in free energy of a system.

Front

What is a spontaneous reaction?

Back

A spontaneous reaction occurs without external energy input and has a negative ΔG.

Front

What is a nonspontaneous reaction?

Back

A nonspontaneous reaction requires external energy input and has a positive ΔG.