AP Biology Unit 2 Review

Front

What is the function of the vacuole in plant cells?

Back

The vacuole stores nutrients, waste products, and helps maintain turgor pressure in plant cells.

Front

What organelle is responsible for digesting macromolecules?

Back

Lysosome.

Front

What is the role of lysosomes in a cell?

Back

Lysosomes contain enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.

Front

Define osmosis.

Back

Osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.

Front

What are channel proteins?

Back

Channel proteins are integral membrane proteins that facilitate the transport of ions and molecules across the cell membrane.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is the process by which molecules pass through the cell membrane via special proteins without the use of energy.

Front

What is the difference between rough ER and smooth ER?

Back

Rough ER is studded with ribosomes and is involved in protein synthesis, while smooth ER lacks ribosomes and is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification.

Front

What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

Back

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Front

Explain the concept of turgor pressure.

Back

Turgor pressure is the pressure exerted by the fluid in the vacuole against the cell wall, helping to maintain the plant's structure.

Front

What is the role of mitochondria in a cell?

Back

Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell, generating ATP through cellular respiration.