Biology Fall Final Review

Front

What is the process of copying the DNA sequence in a gene into mRNA called?

Back

Transcription

Front

What function do proteins and nucleic acids share?

Back

Encode genetic information

Front

What is the purpose of copying the DNA of a gene sequence onto a strand of mRNA?

Back

To produce a template for protein synthesis.

Front

True or False: Multiple codons can code for the same amino acid.

Back

True

Front

What does homozygous dominant mean in genetics?

Back

An organism with two identical dominant alleles (e.g., HH).

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

Define codon.

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites where mRNA is translated into protein.

Front

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Back

Transcription is the process of making mRNA from DNA, while translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in protein structure and function.