Rock Cycle

Front

Sometimes sediments move from one place to another and can settle in layers. This process is called

Back

Erosion

Answer explanation

The correct answer is Erosion, which refers to the process where sediments are moved from one location to another, often settling in layers. Weathering involves breaking down rocks, while sedimentary layering describes the result of erosion.

Front

Sediments under great heat and pressure over millions of years form this type of rock.

Back

Metamorphic

Answer explanation

Metamorphic rocks form from existing rocks that undergo changes due to high heat and pressure over millions of years. This process transforms sediments into metamorphic rock, making it the correct answer.

Front

What will happen as layers of sediment undergo great pressure for millions of years?

Back

A sedimentary rock will form.

Answer explanation

As layers of sediment are subjected to great pressure over millions of years, they compact and cement together, forming sedimentary rock. This process is known as lithification, which is why the correct answer is that a sedimentary rock will form.

Front

What is formed when molten rock material cools and hardens to form a solid?

Back

An igneous rock is formed.

Answer explanation

When molten rock material cools and hardens, it solidifies into igneous rock. This process distinguishes igneous rocks from sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, which form through different processes.

Front

Hawaii was formed from volcanoes which means most of its land and rock is igneous rock.

Back

True

Answer explanation

True. Hawaii was formed by volcanic activity, which produces igneous rock. Therefore, most of Hawaii's land and rock is indeed igneous rock.

Front

What is the difference in the formation of metamorphic rock and igneous rock?

Back

Time and pressure

Answer explanation

Metamorphic rocks form from existing rocks under time and pressure, altering their structure and minerals. In contrast, igneous rocks form from the cooling and solidification of molten material. Thus, the key difference is time and pressure.

Front

Which of the following best describes examples of erosion? Physical and chemical weathering, Constant changes on the surface of the Earth, Lakes and ponds, Wind and moving water

Back

Wind and moving water

Answer explanation

Erosion is primarily caused by natural forces like wind and moving water, which transport soil and rock. While weathering involves breaking down materials, erosion specifically refers to the movement of those materials.

Front

The process of breaking down rock is

Back

Weathering

Answer explanation

The process of breaking down rock is called weathering. It involves the physical and chemical breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces, unlike erosion, which involves the movement of those pieces.

Front

Wind, rain, chemicals and pressure are 4 ways that rocks can be broken down into smaller pieces. These smaller pieces are called

Back

Sediments

Answer explanation

Wind, rain, chemicals, and pressure break down rocks into smaller pieces known as sediments. These sediments can include various sizes, but the term specifically refers to the smaller fragments resulting from weathering.

Front

Choose the list of sediments that is listed from smallest particle size to greatest particle size: Sand, gravel, silt, clay; Gravel, sand, clay, silt; Clay, gravel, sand, silt; Clay, silt, sand, gravel

Back

Clay, silt, sand, gravel

Answer explanation

The correct order from smallest to largest particle size is clay, silt, sand, and gravel. Clay has the smallest particles, followed by silt, then sand, and finally gravel, which has the largest particles.