AP Bio: Unit 2 (CED)

Front

What is the orientation of the R group of glutamic acid during protein folding?

Back

The R group of glutamic acid orients to the exterior of the protein due to its negative charge, providing hydrophilic properties.

Front

What does active transport require?

Back

Active transport requires both energy and a transport protein.

Front

How is the efficiency of a cell determined by its surface area to volume ratio?

Back

A higher surface area to volume ratio indicates a more efficient cell. For example, a cell with SA: 4 and V: 1 is more efficient than one with SA: 1 and V: 4.

Front

What is the process of exporting materials from a cell using vesicles called?

Back

The process of exporting materials with vesicles is called exocytosis.

Front

What describes the pressure potential of water in a turgid plant cell?

Back

In a turgid plant cell, the pressure potential of cell water is positive.

Front

Define hydrophilic and hydrophobic in the context of amino acids.

Back

Hydrophilic amino acids have R groups that interact well with water, while hydrophobic amino acids have R groups that do not interact well with water.

Front

What is the role of transport proteins in cellular transport?

Back

Transport proteins facilitate the movement of substances across cell membranes, especially in active transport.

Front

Explain the significance of surface area to volume ratio in cells.

Back

A higher surface area to volume ratio allows for more efficient exchange of materials, which is crucial for cell function.

Front

What is endocytosis?

Back

Endocytosis is the process by which cells internalize substances from their external environment.

Front

What is the difference between facilitated transport and simple diffusion?

Back

Facilitated transport requires specific transport proteins to help move substances across the membrane, while simple diffusion does not.