Final Exam Review: Protein Synthesis & Genetics

Front

What type of mutation occurs when a nitrogenous base is removed from the DNA sequence?

Back

A deletion mutation.

Front

What is the role of tRNA during protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA brings amino acids to the ribosome during translation.

Front

What sugar is found in the backbone of RNA?

Back

Ribose.

Front

What sugar is found in the backbone of DNA?

Back

Deoxyribose.

Front

What does the DNA sequence AAC code for?

Back

Leucine.

Front

What is a substitution mutation?

Back

A mutation where one nitrogenous base is swapped for another.

Front

What is an insertion mutation?

Back

A mutation where a nitrogenous base is added to the DNA sequence.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites where translation occurs, assembling amino acids into proteins.

Front

What is the process of transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA contains deoxyribose sugar and is double-stranded, while RNA contains ribose sugar and is single-stranded.