Bonding Models and Lewis Structures

Front

What is the main reason molecules are close together?

Back

Molecules are close together because that's where their energy is minimized.

Front

Which molecular model uses perfectly spherical atoms connected by clearly defined bonds?

Back

The ball-and-stick model.

Front

How many valence electrons does chlorine have?

Back

Chlorine has seven valence electrons.

Front

What is a 2D model that represents covalent bonds as lines and unbonded electrons as dots?

Back

A Lewis structure.

Front

What did early scientists, including Isaac Newton, believe about how atoms combined?

Back

They thought atoms combined because they were literally sticky.

Front

What is a covalent bond?

Back

A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.

Front

What is the octet rule?

Back

The octet rule states that atoms tend to bond in such a way that they have eight electrons in their valence shell.

Front

What is a valence electron?

Back

A valence electron is an electron that is found in the outermost shell of an atom and can participate in forming bonds.

Front

What is the difference between a Lewis structure and a ball-and-stick model?

Back

A Lewis structure represents covalent bonds as lines and unbonded electrons as dots, while a ball-and-stick model uses spheres to represent atoms and sticks to represent bonds.

Front

What is the significance of electron sharing in covalent bonds?

Back

Electron sharing allows atoms to achieve a full outer shell, leading to greater stability.