inductive vs. deductive reasoning

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What is inductive reasoning?

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Inductive reasoning is a method of reasoning in which a general conclusion is drawn from specific examples or observations.

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What is deductive reasoning?

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Deductive reasoning is a method of reasoning from the general to the specific, where a conclusion is based on the premises that are assumed to be true.

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Example of inductive reasoning: "The coin I pulled from the bag is a penny. A third coin from the bag is a penny. Therefore, all the coins in the bag are pennies." What type of reasoning is this?

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Inductive reasoning.

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Example of deductive reasoning: "All bald men are grandfathers. Harold is bald. Therefore, Harold is a grandfather." What type of reasoning is this?

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Deductive reasoning.

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What does it mean to use specific information to make a new theory?

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This is an example of inductive reasoning.

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What is a key characteristic of inductive reasoning?

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Inductive reasoning often involves making generalizations based on specific instances.

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What is a key characteristic of deductive reasoning?

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Deductive reasoning involves applying general principles to reach a specific conclusion.

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In which type of reasoning do you start with a theory and test it with observations?

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Deductive reasoning.

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In which type of reasoning do you start with observations and develop a theory?

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Inductive reasoning.

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If all cats are mammals and Felix is a cat, what can we conclude about Felix?

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Felix is a mammal (deductive reasoning).