AP Biology Unit 4 review

Front

What are the three parts of a signal transduction pathway?

Back

Reception, Transduction, Response

Front

What are the junctions in the cell wall of plant cells that allow for the exchange of small soluble compounds?

Back

Plasmodesmata

Front

Which of the following is NOT involved in the transduction step of a signal transduction pathway?

Back

Ligands

Front

What happens if protein phosphatases are defective?

Back

Cancerous cells would take advantage and grow uncontrollably because the cell cycle cannot shut down.

Front

What occurs when a ligand binds to its receptor?

Back

Confirmation change in shape of receptor.

Front

Define reception in the context of signal transduction.

Back

The initial detection of a signaling molecule by a receptor.

Front

What role do secondary messengers play in signal transduction?

Back

They amplify the signal and help propagate the response within the cell.

Front

What is a phosphorylation cascade?

Back

A series of protein modifications that activate or deactivate proteins in a signaling pathway.

Front

What is the function of ligands in signal transduction?

Back

Ligands are signaling molecules that bind to receptors to initiate a response.

Front

Explain the term 'amplification' in signal transduction.

Back

Amplification refers to the process where a small signal is converted into a larger response.