AP Bio Unit 1: Biochemistry

Front

What is the pH scale?

Back

The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), with 7 being neutral.

Front

What does a pH of 7 indicate?

Back

A pH of 7 indicates a neutral solution, where the concentration of hydrogen ions [H⁺] equals the concentration of hydroxide ions [OH^-].

Front

What is the relationship between pH and pOH?

Back

pH + pOH = 14; this equation shows the inverse relationship between the concentration of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions in a solution.

Front

What is an enzyme?

Back

An enzyme is a biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions in cells by lowering the activation energy required.

Front

What is the active site of an enzyme?

Back

The active site is the specific region on an enzyme where substrates bind and undergo a chemical reaction.

Front

What are the four main types of biological macromolecules?

Back

The four main types are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Front

What is the primary function of proteins?

Back

Proteins perform a variety of functions including acting as enzymes, hormones, and structural components of cells.

Front

What is the role of nucleic acids?

Back

Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, store and transmit genetic information.

Front

What does it mean if [H⁺] > [OH^-] in a solution?

Back

It indicates that the solution is acidic.

Front

What does it mean if [H⁺] < [OH^-] in a solution?

Back

It indicates that the solution is basic.