Genetics/Heredity

Front

What is the definition of genotype?

Back

The genotype is the genetic makeup of an individual, represented by the alleles inherited from their parents.

Front

What is the difference between homozygous and heterozygous?

Back

Homozygous means having two identical alleles for a trait (e.g., AA or aa), while heterozygous means having two different alleles for a trait (e.g., Aa).

Front

What does it mean if an allele is dominant?

Back

A dominant allele is one that expresses its trait even when only one copy is present in the genotype.

Front

What does it mean if an allele is recessive?

Back

A recessive allele only expresses its trait when two copies are present in the genotype.

Front

What is a Punnett square used for?

Back

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the genetic outcomes of a cross between two individuals.

Front

If green (G) is dominant over purple (g), what is the phenotype of a plant with genotype gg?

Back

The phenotype of a plant with genotype gg is purple.

Front

What is the probability of obtaining a homozygous dominant offspring from a cross between two heterozygous parents (Aa x Aa)?

Back

The probability is 25%.

Front

What is the phenotype of a plant with genotype Tt?

Back

The phenotype of a plant with genotype Tt is tall, since T (tall) is dominant over t (short).

Front

What does the term 'allele' refer to?

Back

An allele is a variant form of a gene that can produce different traits.

Front

What is the expected genotype ratio from a monohybrid cross?

Back

The expected genotype ratio from a monohybrid cross is 1:2:1.