Final Exam Review - Honors Chem

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What is the law of conservation of mass?

Back

The law of conservation of mass states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. The total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products.

Front

Define a balanced chemical equation.

Back

A balanced chemical equation has equal numbers of each type of atom on both sides of the equation, ensuring that mass is conserved.

Front

What is a complete ionic equation?

Back

A complete ionic equation shows all the ions present in a solution, including spectator ions, which do not participate in the reaction.

Front

What is a net ionic equation?

Back

A net ionic equation shows only the ions and molecules directly involved in a chemical reaction, omitting spectator ions.

Front

How do you calculate molarity (M)?

Back

Molarity (M) is calculated using the formula: M = moles of solute / liters of solution.

Front

What is STP in chemistry?

Back

STP stands for Standard Temperature and Pressure, defined as 0 degrees Celsius (273.15 K) and 1 atmosphere (atm) pressure.

Front

What is the significance of coefficients in a chemical equation?

Back

Coefficients indicate the relative amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction, showing the ratio in which they react or are produced.

Front

How do you determine the volume of gas produced at STP?

Back

At STP, 1 mole of any gas occupies 22.4 liters. Use the number of moles to calculate the volume produced.

Front

What is a precipitation reaction?

Back

A precipitation reaction occurs when two aqueous solutions react to form an insoluble solid, known as a precipitate.

Front

What is the role of excess reactant in a chemical reaction?

Back

An excess reactant is a substance that is not completely consumed in a reaction, ensuring that the other reactant is fully reacted.