Biology Final Review

Front

What is a hypertonic solution?

Back

A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes compared to the inside of the cell, causing water to move out of the cell, leading to cell shrinkage.

Front

What is the role of sunlight in photosynthesis?

Back

Sunlight provides the energy for photosynthesis, enabling plants to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

Front

What are constants in an experiment?

Back

Constants are the variables that are kept the same throughout an experiment to ensure that the results are due to the independent variable.

Front

What are membrane-bound organelles?

Back

Membrane-bound organelles are specialized structures within a cell that are enclosed by membranes, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum.

Front

What distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

Back

Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles and a defined nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have both.

Front

What is photosynthesis?

Back

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is the function of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

Back

Chlorophyll is the green pigment in plants that absorbs light energy, primarily from the sun, to drive the process of photosynthesis.

Front

What is the difference between an independent variable and a dependent variable?

Back

The independent variable is the factor that is changed or manipulated in an experiment, while the dependent variable is the factor that is measured or observed.

Front

What is cellular respiration?

Back

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.